What defines hazard and toxicity in the context of pesticides?

The correct answer highlights the distinction between hazard and toxicity in the context of pesticides. Hazard refers to the potential for injury or adverse effects that can result from exposure to a pesticide, considering factors such as the formulation, concentration, and the conditions of exposure. This means that a pesticide can present a hazard even at low levels of exposure if it poses a significant risk of harm.

On the other hand, toxicity is a property of the chemical itself, relating to the inherent ability of the substance to cause harm. It is typically quantified by the dose required to produce harmful effects, often illustrated through measures like LD50 (lethal dose for 50% of a population).

Understanding this distinction is crucial for pesticide applicators as it influences decision-making regarding safe handling, application methods, and risk assessments. Hazard reflects the broader context, encompassing not just the chemical itself but also the surrounding conditions that might lead to exposure and potential harm.